Bacteria shapes and function12/1/2023 ![]() ![]() Cell membrane composed of phospholipids with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails. Cytoplasmic membrane is a protein-lipid structure. ![]() Gel-matrix of the cell membrane is composed of water, nutrition and enzymes. Structure of Bacterial cellĬomposition of cell walls of bacteria varies among different bacteria and cytoplasm or protoplasm of bacteria cells help in growth, metabolism and replication. Monotrichous are known as single flagellated bacteria. Flagellates are an extending cytoplasm originating from axoneme that provides motility and is known as a locomotory organ of bacteria. Capsule is the outermost layer of bacteria that protects against complements and is antiphagocytic in nature. Cytoplasm carries genetic information in bacterial cells. Nucleus of Bacteria does not contain DNA unlike Eukaryotic cells thus lacking genetic materials. A nucleus in bacterial cells lacks a nuclear membrane and nucleus. Mesosomes are tubular forms formed by invagination of cell membranes they are the principal site for respiratory enzymes and also help in reproduction of bacteria. Ribosomes in bacterial cells are smaller than ribosomes of Eukaryotic cells. DNA in bacteria is haploid (consist of a number of chromosomes) and circular in structures also consist of plasmids they are extra circular DNA. Cytoplasm is surrounded by cell membranes that consist of important organelles such as Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, Endoplasmic Reticulum and Chromosome. Cytoplasmic membrane is present just beneath the rigid cell wall found in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria a thin layer is present that separates cell wall from cell membrane in Bacteria. An outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria functions as a barrier for the external environment and is composed of Lipopolysaccharides or LPS. Cell walls consist of proteins that help bacteria for growth and division. Cell wall is rigid and helps to give shape to the bacteria and also prevents cells from expanding and swelling due to water uptake. Outer layer of the cell envelope of bacteria consists of two components: first is the cell wall and beneath it is the plasma membrane of the cell membrane. Cocci bacteria live in chains and clusters and remain attached during cell division or reproduction. Bacilli are Rod-shaped Bacteria, these are the oldest bacteria on earth, they are similar in Behavior with E.Coli with chemotactic movement. These bacteria can live in solitary or in attached forms and often make colonies that are cosmopolitan in nature. Cocci is a spherical-shaped bacterium, also called oval-shaped bacteria. Shapes and structures of bacteria help them to cope and adapt to external conditions. Most bacteria possess a rigid cell shape that provides structure and protection from the external environment in unfavorable conditions. Size in bacteria plays a significant role in their survival. Unit for measuring size of bacteria is micrometer average ranges of bacteria ranges from 0.5 to 5 ㎛. A bacterium is an uninuclear prokaryotic cell that lacks a membrane-bound to its nucleus. Bacteria cells are very small and simple but they have diverse structures and morphology according to their habit and metabolism. Morphology and Structure of bacteriaīacteria are complex and heavily variable structures they have different shapes and structures as spherical, rod-shaped, arc-based and spiral. They help in digestion in the Ruminant stomach in cattle such as cows, goats and sheep to digest cellulose. Bacteria helps in fermentation of curd, bread and wines as they have an extreme industrial value. They composed a Single circular DNA consisting of Chromosomes. Bacteria are prokaryotic cells that lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles. ![]() As nitrogen is a part of amino acids or protein it is essential for human life. Cyanobacteria and Rhizobium are Nitrogen Fixing bacteria that help in fixing nitrogen. Bacteria are essential to human life as they play a nutritious role, causing disease and helping to convert environmental nitrogen to Nitrate. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply.AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |